In this article, we will take you through the buzzing topic of the G20 summit, and the G20 Countries list 2023.
We will try our best to cover G20 for UPSC aspirants.
Page Contents
G20 Countries List for 2023 Summit
| G20 2023 Countries | Name of the Head | Prime Minister of the United Kingdom |
| Argentina | Alberto Fernandez | President of Argentina |
| Australia | Anthony Albanese | Prime Minister of Australia |
| Brazil | Luiz Inacio | President of Brazil |
| Canada | Justin Trudeau | Prime Minister Of Canada |
| China | Li Chiang | Prime Minister of China |
| France | Emmanuel Macron | President of France |
| Germany | Olaf Scholz | Chancellor of Germany |
| India | Narendra Modi | Prime Minister Of India – Host |
| Indonesia | Joko Widodo | President of the Republic of Indonesia |
| Italy | Giorgia Meloni | Prime Minister of Italy |
| Japan | Fumio Kishida | Prime Minister of Japan |
| Mexico | Andres Manuel | President of Mexico |
| South Korea | Yoon Suk Yeol | President of South Korea |
| Russia | Sergey Lavrov | Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation |
| Saudi Arabia | Muhammed Bin Salman | Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia |
| South Africa | Cyril Ramaphosa | President of South Africa |
| Turkey | RC Erdogan | President of Turkey |
| United Kingdom | Rishi Sunak | President Of the United States Of America |
| United States | Joe Biden | President Of United States Of America |
| European Union | Charles Michael | President of the European Council |
We will converse about what is the G20 summit, its history, headquarters, objectives, member countries, its importance, and details on the summit of 2023.
Alongside this, get to know the list of all the G20 summits held to date.
What is the G20 Summit?
For a better understanding of the topic, getting information on G20 is important.
The Group of 20 often referred to as the G20 is a group of nations that contribute to 85% of the world economy.
The G20 consists of 19 countries and the European Union.
Upon the meeting of the G7 country’s finance ministers and Central bank Governors, the G20 was formed consequently.
G20 was formed on 26th September 1999.
The objective of the summit is to discuss policy that pertains to the promotion of international financial stability.
G20 Summit refers to the annual meeting of the leaders of all the member nations to discuss themes and policies that pertain to its objective.
The first meeting was held in 2008 in the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2007-2008.
It is considered to be a substantial coordination forum of the world’s largest and leading economies.
G20 Countries Objectives
G20 works in the direction of developing policies and achieving goals that lead to financial stability internationally.
The leaders of the member nation meet every year at an annual summit and discuss policies and procedures pertaining to their objectives.
At the summit, economic and financial matters and coordinated policies are discussed that are of mutual interest to the member nations.
It has the leading and largest economies as members.
The G20 initially focused on the broad macroeconomic policy which further diversified with time.
Apart from the economic and financial coordination among the members, every summit converses over various themes such as future global labor, terrorism, innovation, health, and more.
G20 member countries list and their heads
Currently, there are 20 nations that are members of the G20 summit.
Every member has a representative who attends the summit every year.
The list of members (in alphabetical order) and their heads are as follows:-
| Member Country | Leader | Member Country | Leader |
| Argentina | President | Japan | Prime Minister |
| Australia | Prime Minister | Mexico | President |
| Brazil | President | Russia | President |
| Canada | Prime Minister | Saudi Arabia | King |
| China | President | South Africa | President |
| France | President | South Korea | President |
| Germany | Chancellor | Turkey | President |
| India | Prime Minister | United Kingdom | Prime Minister |
| Indonesia | President | United States | President |
| Italy | Prime Minister | European Union | President of European Council/ Commission |
Brief History of G20
G20 was formulated in the year 1999 on 26th September.
The group was founded following the consequences of the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997.
It was developed as a forum for the finance ministers and the Central Bank Governors of the member countries.
As the G20 was established as a forum, it had no formal agreement or treaty to be presided over.
Amidst the global financial crisis of 2008, the President of The U.S. invited the leaders of the member nations to coordinate their proceedings to respond to the crisis.
Since 2010, the summit has been held annually with the host country changing every year.
G20 has various official engagement groups with which it works.
It comprises business, organized labor, academics, youth, and civil society.
Importance of G20
When combined, the member nations of the G20 contribute to around 80% of the Global economic output along with 75% of the global trade.
Being a forum, the agreements or decision made during its meetings contains no legal impact.
However, they have a substantial influence on the policies of the countries and global cooperation.
List of G20 Summits Held and Host Country
The first G20 summit was held in the year 2008.
Here is a list of all the G20 summits held with their details.
| Summit | Year | Country Host |
| 1st | 2008 14-15 November | Washington D.C., United Kingdom |
| 2nd | 2009 2nd April | London, United Kingdom |
| 3rd | 2009 24-25 September | Pittsburgh, United Kingdom |
| 4th | 2010 26-27 June | Toronto, Canada |
| 5th | 2010 11-12 November | Seoul, South Korea |
| 6th | 2011 3-4 November | Cannes, France |
| 7th | 2012 18-18 June | San Jose del Cabo, Los Cabos, Mexico |
| 8th | 2013 5-6 September | Saint Petersburg, Russia |
| 9th | 2014 15-16 November | Brisbane, Australia |
| 10th | 2015 16-16 November | Serik, Antalya, Turkey |
| 11th | 2016 4-5 September | Hangzhou, China |
| 12th | 2017 7-8 July | Hamburg, Germany |
| 13th | 2018 30 November- 1December | Buenos Aires, Argentina |
| 14th | 2019 28-29 June | Osaka, Japan |
| 15th | 2020 26th March | Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Held virtually amidst the COVID-19 pandemic) |
| 16th | 30–31 October 2021 | Rome, Italy |
| 17th | 15–16 November 2022 | Nusa Dua, Bali, Indonesia |
| 18th | 9–10 September 2023 | New Delhi, India |
| 19th | 2024 | Rio De Janeiro, Brazil |
Also read:- What is BRICS?
Interesting Facts and Figures about G20
The member nations of the G20 contribute to 85% of the world economy with an International trade of 75%
G20 is an informal club of nations. It does have an appointed secretariat to ensure the continuity of its works
G20 does not have any formal rules regarding its procedures and membership.
Moreover, it was not formed out of any treaty or formal agreement
Its member countries represent approximately two-thirds of the world’s population
Various states and organizations like the United Nations, International Monetary Fund, World Trade Organization, and more are involved in G20 works
Every year a country holds the presidency of the summit and the votes of all members have the same weightage.
Does G20 have headquarters?
G20 does not have a permanent secretariat or Headquarters. G20 is an informal club of nations.
It does have an appointed secretariat to ensure the continuity of its works
Hello! My name is Mansi Shrivastava who happens to have a knack for writing. It has not always been what I admired but developing into a writer was something I appreciate the most now. When not glued to the computer screen, I love to try my hand in arts and crafts. Also, binge-watching with a bowl of snacks has always been my thing.
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