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Samagra Siksha Abhiyan: All You Need to Know
Samagra Shiksha Scheme incorporates three existing schemes to holistically treat school education at every level.
The three existing schemes which Samagra Shiksha Scheme incorporates are the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA), and Teacher Education (TE).
With the launch of the Samagra Shiksha Scheme by the Union Ministry of Human Resource Department (now Education Ministry), it has been in news lately.
It aims to improve the quality of education and enhance learning outcomes. It focuses on using technology to empower teachers and children.
Explore more about the Samagra Shiksha Scheme in the content below.
Also Read:- FCS and UP Ration Card List 2020
What is Samagra Shiksha?
Samagra Shiksha scheme has been launched throughout the country as an integrated school education scheme. It strives to achieve and ensure equitable and inclusive education.
It aims to unify learning from pre-school to class 12. The scheme subsumes the elements of the existing schemes and emphasizes digital and vocational education by the integration of teachers and technology.
“Samagra Shiksha is an integrated scheme that envisages the ‘school’ as a continuum from pre-school, primary, upper primary, secondary to senior secondary levels.”
Vision
To ensure inclusive and equitable quality education under the Sustainable Development Goal for Education at all levels of school education.
Implementation of the Scheme
The government has ruled out the guidelines for the implementation of the scheme which are as follows:-
- It will be implemented as a Centrally Sponsored scheme by the department at the state/UT levels through a single state implementation society
- There would be a governing council at the National Level.
- The Minister of Human Resource Development (now Education Ministry) would head the council and a secretary of the Department of School Education and Literacy would head the Project Approval Board
- The power to modify financial and programmatic norms and approve the implementation guidelines is with the GC.
- A technical Support Group (TSG) would assist the Department at Educational Consultants of India Limited (EdCIL)
- States will have to come up with a single plan for the complete school education sector
Fund Sharing Pattern
The funds will be shared by the Centre and the States in a specified ratio. The ratios are under the recommendations of the Sub-Group of Chief Minister on Rationalization of Centrally Sponsored Schemes.
The sharing ratio is different for certain states which are as follows:-
90:10
8 North-Eastern states – Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, Nagaland, Tripura, Mizoram and Sikkim and
3 Himalayan states – Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh
60:40
All the other states and Union territories with legislature will share funds in this ratio
100% (central sponsor)
For Union Territories without a legislature, the government sponsor 100% for the scheme
Major Interventions of the Scheme
The scheme has certain major interventions proposed under the scheme across all school education levels.
The preferences in interventions shall be given to Educationally Backward Blocks (EBBs), Special Focus Districts (SFDs), LWE-affected districts, border areas, and 115 Aspirational districts.
The major interventions of the scheme are as follows:-
- Universal Access which includes infrastructure development and retention
- Inclusive Education
- Gender and Equity
- Financial support for the salary of teachers
- Quality
- Digital Initiatives
- Entitlements by RTI which include textbooks, uniforms etc
- Vocational Education
- Pre-school Education
- Teacher education and training strengthening
- Monitoring
- Programme management
- Physical and sports education
- National Component
What are the objectives of Samagra Shiksha?
Education serves as one of the most important tools for social, economic and political transformation. Also, it is a key instrument for building an equitable society.
Therefore, the government implemented the Samagra Shiksha Scheme certain objectives which are as follows:-
- Quality Education
- Enhancing the learning outcomes of the students
- Bridging the social gaps
- Reducing the gender gaps in school education
- To ensure equity and inclusion at all levels of school education
- Promote digital and vocational education
- Strengthening and upgrading the SCERTs and DIETs as nodal institutions for teacher training
- To support the states in implementing the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009
- To ensure the meeting of minimum standards in schooling provisions throughout the system
What are the major features of Samagra Shiksha?
Samagra Shiksha scheme aims to help in improving the transition rates across all levels of school education. Also, it aids in promoting universal access to complete school education.
The major features of the Samagra Shiksha Scheme are as follows:-
An integrated and holistic education approach
The school education should be treated holistically as a continuum. It should be from pre-school to senior secondary levels.
For the first time, the senior secondary and pre-school levels in support for school education
Reforms on administrative levels
Implement a single and unified administrative structure. It should lead to the harmonized implementation
States have the flexibility to prioritize the interventions under the Samagra Shiksha scheme
The scheme provides for an integrated administration. It oversees ‘school’ as a continuum
Emphasis on digital education
In all the secondary schools, the scheme supports ‘Operation Digital Board’ over 5 years. It revolutionizes the education system and makes it easy to understand. Technology-based learning classrooms will be becoming flipped classrooms
Improve the use of digital technology in education by using smart classrooms, DTH channels and digital boards.
The scheme provides to strengthen digital initiatives like UDISE+, Shagun etc.
From the upper primary to higher secondary level, it aims to strengthen the ICT infrastructure in schools
Focus on education’s quality
Enhancing the focus on improving the quality of education by focusing on teachers and Technology (Two Ts)
Improve the capacity building of the school heads and teachers
To enhance the quality of prospective teachers in the system, the scheme focuses on strengthening Teacher Education Institutions such as DIETs and SCERTs
SCERT will be made the nodal institution for in-service and pre-service teacher training. It aims to make the training need-based and dynamic
The scheme has provisions for library grants ranging from ₹5000 to ₹20000 for every school
Support the Padhe Bharat Badhe Bharat Programme to develop foundation skills at primary levels and the Rashtriya Avishkar Abhiyan to promote Maths and Science learning in schools
Emphasizing girl education
Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidhyalayas will be upgraded from class 6-8 to class 6-12
The scheme improves the commitment to ‘Beti Bachao Beti Padhao’ Abhiyan
Girls will have self-defence training from upper primary to senior secondary stages
Strengthening the schools
To provide universal access to schools, the transport facility to children across all classes from 1st to 8th will be enhanced
Enhance the quality of infrastructure in government schools
It provides for specific provisions for Swachhta activities to support Swachh Vidhyalaya
Increase the composite school grant from ₹14500 – ₹50000 to ₹25000 – ₹100000. The grant will be allocated based on the school enrolment
Increased focus on inclusions
Under the RTE Act, the allocation for uniforms increased from ₹400 to ₹600 per child per annum
For the Children with Special Needs (CwSN), the allocation increased from ₹ 3000 to 3500 per child per annum. For all the girls with Special Needs from class 1 to 12, a stipend of ₹ 200 allocated per months
The scheme provides for the introduction of energized textbooks and allocation for textbooks to be enhanced from ₹ 150/ 250 to ₹ 250/400 per child per annum under the RTE Act
Skill development
Providing the students with the exposure to vocational skills at the upper primary level to be extended
The vocational education provided in class 9th to 12th which are integrated with the curriculum should be made more practical and industry-oriented
Strengthen the emphasis on Kaushal Vikas scheme
Sports and physical education
Sports education should be made an integral part of the curriculum
Under the scheme, every school will receive sports equipment to inculcate and emphasize the importance of sports. The cost would be as follows:
Primary Schools – ₹5000
Upper Primary Schools – ₹10000
Secondary and Senior Secondary Schools – ₹25000
Focus on the regional balance
The scheme has provisions to promote Balanced Educational Development
It provides for preference to Educationally Backwards Blocks Aspirational (EBBs), LWE affected Districts, Special Focus Districts (SFDs), 115 Aspirational districts (as identified by Niti Aayog) and Border areas
Samagra Shiksha ID
Samagra Shiksha ID is the user credential used to login to the Samagra Shiksha portal. The login instructions for state user and district user are as follows:-
STATE USER
The user login for a state user consists of three parts which are dispersed as follows:
Up to Class VIII
The state will use the username to enter the physical and financial progress for the component till class VIII which is as follows:-
User Name – “U1”+ State Code
Example: State Code of Jammu and Kashmir is 1
Therefore, user name us U101
Up to Class XII
The state will use the username to enter the physical and financial progress for the component till class XII which is as follows:-
User Name – “U2”+ State Code
Example: State Code of Jammu and Kashmir is 1
Therefore, user name us U201
Teacher Education
The state will use the username to enter the physical and financial progress for the component till class VIII which is as follows:
User Name – “U3”+ State Code
Example: State Code of Jammu and Kashmir is 1
Therefore, user name us U301
Password
The password for all will be the state code. The users can change the password at first login.
Freezing Password
The default Freezing Password is as follows:
“ST”+ <the new user name>
Example: The user name is “U101”, the password will be “STU101”
DISTRICT USER
The user login for a district user consists of three parts which are dispersed as follows:-
Up to Class VIII
The district will use the username to enter the physical and financial progress for the component till class VIII which is as follows:
User Name – “U1”+ District Code
Example: District Code of Jhansi of Uttar Pradesh is 0936
Therefore, user name us U10936
Up to Class XII
The district will use the username to enter the physical and financial progress for the component till class VIII which is as follows:
User Name – “U2”+ District Code
Example: District Code of Jhansi of Uttar Pradesh is 0936
Therefore, user name us U20936
Teacher Education
The district will use the username to enter the physical and financial progress for the component till class VIII which is as follows:
User Name – “U3”+ District Code
Example: District Code of Jhansi of Uttar Pradesh is 0936
Therefore, user name us U30936
Password
The password for login is the same as the old PMS password or the default password will be the 4-digit district code of the respective district
SCHOOL USER
The user name for a School user is as follows:-
The 6-digit block code is the username as well as the password.
One can know the block code after fetching the First Six Character of UDISE code of any school
BLOCK USER
The user name for a Block user is as follows:-
The 11-digit block code is the username as well as the password.
For those who have registered in old PMS, the username and password is same as the old PMS
What is the significance of Samagra Shiksha Scheme?
The Samagra Shiksha Scheme holds immense significance in light of the existing education system of India. It brings various small and big reforms for a better and quality education system.
The significance of the Samagra Shiksha Scheme is as follows:-
- Samagra Shiksha scheme is the first integrated scheme that extends unified support to States at all levels of School Education i.e. from preschool to senior secondary level
- By treating the schools holistically as a continuum from preschool, primary, upper primary, secondary and senior secondary levels, the scheme provides a Paradigm shift in the conceptual design of school education
- The Samagra Shiksha scheme develops on grade-wise, subject-wise learning outcomes and largest National Achievement survey for strategizing district level interventions to improve the quality of education
- The scheme helps to shift the focus of student learning from content to competencies
- The scheme provides for the active participation of all the stakeholders which includes parents, school management committee members community, and state functionaries. This is to ensure quality education to children
- The scheme extends various benefits to girls like extending the benefits of Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidhyalaya scheme, Self defence training, education, and hostel facility to girls belonging from disadvantaged sections and more
- The scheme makes SCERT as the nodal institution for teachers training and focuses on strengthening the teachers
- It aims to strengthen the educational institutions by improving the infrastructure and providing for an increased composite School grant
- It will make vocational training and sports and physical education is an integral part of the curriculum and would provide grants to achieve the same
- It offers an enhanced focus on digital education and improving the quality of education by various means
What are the major outcomes of the Samagra Shiksha Scheme?
As per the department of School Education and Literacy, The Ministry of Human Resource Development (now Education Ministry), Government of India, the major outcomes of the Samagra Shiksha scheme envisioned as Universal Access, Equity, and Quality, promoting vocalization and digitalization of education and strengthening the teacher education institutions.
What are the guiding principles of Samagra Shiksha scheme?
For the implementation of the RTE Act 2009, the integrated Samagra Shiksha Scheme would support the States and Union Territories.
The scheme envisions providing equitable and inclusive quality education. Certain principles guide these envisions which are as follows:
A holistic view of the education (Samagra)
As interpreted in the National Curriculum Framework 2005 the scheme has implications for a systemic transformation of the complete content and process of education. The scheme has significant implications for the curriculum, teacher education, educational planning and management.
Equity in education and opportunity
The scheme does not only focus on equal opportunity for everyone. Under this, it also focuses on creating conditions in which the disadvantaged sections of the society can avail the opportunity such as the children of Scheduled castes, landless agricultural workers, children having special needs, Muslim minorities etc
Access for all
Access does not only indicates the accessibility of school to all the children within specified distance but also indicates an understanding of the educational needs and predicament of the traditionally excluded categories
Gender concerns
It implies an effort to enables the girls to maintain pace with the Boys. Alongside, education should be a decisive intervention that brings out the basic change in the status of women
Centrality of teacher
The scheme aims to motivate the teachers to innovate and develop a classroom culture that goes beyond the classroom as well, to produce an inclusive environment for the children. The inclusion is especially for the girls from the oppressed and marginalized background of the society.
Moral compulsion
The RTE Act imposes moral compulsion on parents, teachers, and educational administrators and other stakeholders. It is done in place of shifting the emphasis on punitive processes.
A convergent and integrated educational management system
For the implementation of the RTE law, it is a prerequisite and all the states are required to take measures for the same speedily and feasibly.
The scheme will universalize the quality school education and AIMS for the expansion of schooling facilities in the uncovered areas as the priority. It strives to achieve a holistic perspective of education and as a continuum from preschool to the senior secondary levels.
Moreover, the scheme will shift its focus from Project objectives to improving this system-level performance and schooling outcomes.
It will be the emphasis of the combined scheme along with incentivizing the States to work towards improving the quality of education.
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